平原丘陵地区水土资源联合优化配置

通过对区域水资源和土地资源概况进行研究,利用大系统递阶优化思想,以供水对象相对缺水率最小和农业经济效益最大为目标,建立了区域水土资源联合优化配置模型,并以句容市为例,对平原丘陵地区的水资源在时间和区域上进行了合理安排、设计、组合和布局,对农业种植结构进行了调整。研究结果表明:水资源是土地资源发挥最大优势的基本条件,水资源利用合理与否,直接影响到土地资源的生产效率;而土地资源的利用程度也影响着水资源的变化,土地资源利用效率高,则为水资源的合理开发利用创造条件。     

河北二季作区马铃薯节水灌溉研究初报

为研究河北二季作区马铃薯整个生育期不同灌水量对其生长发育的影响,以该地主栽品种为材料,根据不同生育期需水规律,设定5个不同水量梯度的滴灌处理和1个常规沟灌处理(CK);调查分析了不同处理间物候期、重要农艺性状、病害发生情况和产量等相关指标。结果表明,处理3(采用滴灌模式,水量为110 m3)与常规沟灌相比,马铃薯生长势、总产量和商品薯产量无显著差异,生育期提前,病害较轻,商品薯率提高7.2%,节水35.41%,综合表现优于其他处理,为试验地区最佳灌水量。     

作物根系研究室的设计

根据作物根系研究的需要,设计和建造了华南农业大学作物根系研究室。为此,从根室的采光、通风、保温等几方面阐述了作物根室的设计思想,并结合科学家对根系的研究特性,着重介绍了两种种植槽的结构及设计特点。     

绿色富硒牧草饲料作物生产技术规程

本规程规定了绿色富硒牧草饲料作物的生产基地环境、种植区域分布、生产管理、刈割利用、票证管理等内容,并制定了牧草饲料作物硒含量达到0.01～0.1mg/kg的产品标准.     

夏季填闲作物及秸秆还田对日光温室黄瓜连作土壤养分和微生物的影响

选用已进行4 a温室夏季种植甜玉米、菜豆及其秸秆还田试验的温室黄瓜连作土壤,于2009年继续进行相同的处理,研究了温室夏季填闲作物及秸杆还田对黄瓜连作土壤养分和微生物代谢功能的影响。结果表明,种植甜玉米秸秆还田处理能减小土壤容重,改善土壤通透性。夏季填闲及秸秆还田处理对土壤养分和微生物的影响在秋冬茬表现较明显,能增加土壤中有效磷含量,种植菜豆处理（秸秆还田和不还田）能增加土壤有效钾含量。填闲作物及秸秆还田处理还能提高土壤微生物代谢活性,改变土壤微生物对单一碳源的利用能力。     

园艺作物果形遗传研究进展

 果实形状是果品、瓜菜及果菜类蔬菜等园艺作物品质评价、分类以及市场定级的主要考核指标之一,也是商业品质育种的重要依据。对园艺作物果形遗传分析研究中的果形测定方法、遗传分析方法及主要园艺作物果形遗传等进行了综述,并对主要园艺作物果形QTL定位及基因定位和克隆的研究进展作了重点阐述。     

南方经济林经营管理策略

根据南方经济林生产现状,分析了南方经济林生产与管理中存在的问题,结合国内外市场对经济林产品需求,提出了保障南方经济林健康,稳定,持续发展的经营管理策略。     

我国农作物秸秆人造板技术与产业化问题探讨

就农作物秸秆人造板技术与产业化问题,从国内外发展现状入手,分析了在产业化过程中亟待解决的难点问题,提出了加速农作物秸秆人造板技术与产业化的改革建议。认为应当实事求是地面对开发秸秆人造板的有利和不利条件,脚踏实地解决好技术、市场和应用环境等问题。     

SBELTS: A model of soybean production under tree shelter

Farmers in the North Central region of the United States often are reluctant to use shelterbelts because of inadequate information clearly showing their benefits. We developed a computer model, called SBELTS for ShelterBELT and Soybeans, that simulates the influence of a shelterbelt on soybean (Glycine max L.) production across an agricultural field in the midwestern United States. Objectives of this study were to 1) describe the structure of SBELTS, 2) present model simulations, and 3) discuss model limitations. SBELTS is composed of three submodels. The first submodel produces characteristics of a shelterbelt that are passed to the second submodel that estimates daily windrun at user-specified distances leeward (away from the prevailing wind) of the shelterbelt. Estimated daily windruns are merged with other microclimatic information to produce weather files for each specified distance. Finally, the third submodel uses a soybean growth/yield model to estimate soybean yield at specified distances, and the yields are averaged. Data collection was not a part of the present project, so SBELTS was evaluated by comparing predicted results with published information. SBELTS was used to predict soybean yield across a field leeward of a 7.6 m tall shelterbelt, and the predicted yield curve compared well with published yield curves. The sensitivity of SBELTS to variation in rainfall was evaluated by predicting yields for 3.8 m tall and 7.6 m tall shelterbelts in wet, normal, and dry years. Results showed no shelterbelt influence in wet years, some influence in normal years, and a sizable influence in dry years. Results showed that the 7.6 m shelterbelt had more influence than the 3.8 m shelterbelt. Although SBELTS has limited use, it is the first step in the development of more advanced models that will be able to simulate production of soybeans and other crops under the influence of shelterbelts on a variety of soil types.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Development and ecology of bottomland hardwood sites

A basic knowledge of the origin, development, and ecology of bottomland hardwood sites is important for assessing harvesting impacts on those sites. This paper presents an overview of the geologic origin and development of hardwood sites, species-site relationships and the natural patterns of ecological succession on those sites, and the implications of that information for forest management. Bottomland hardwoods occur on floodplain sites primarily in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains. Past geologic events led to the formation of broad stream valleys in those areas because of the erodible, sedimentary geologic materials. Natural patterns of ecological succession on floodplain sites are influenced by autogenic and allogenic processes in that the sites may undergo constant change because of deposition. Three natural patterns of succession are recognized for floodplain sites of major river bottoms—those occurring on permanently flooded sites, those on low elevation wet sites, and those on higher elevation, better drained sites. Floristic composition and successional patterns are strongly influenced by the hydrologic events on the sites and particularly by rates and types of deposition.